CVE-2012-0391Apache Struts 2 Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

The ExceptionDelegator component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.

9.8 CRITICALEPSS 75.59%⚡ Known Exploited (CISA KEV)NVD: Analyzed

Last updated: 2026-06-16 23:37 UTC

OverviewCVSS details

9.8CRITICALCVSS 3.1

Score source: NVD
NVD status: Analyzed
Published: Jan 8, 2012
Assigner: mitre

Affected

struts (apache)

Versions: before 2.2.3.1
Fixed in: 2.2.3.1

Exploitation

Public exploit: Yes · 3 references
CISA KEV: Listed · Jan 21, 2022
KEV due date: Jul 21, 2022
Ransomware use: Unknown
SSVC: Exploitation active · Automatable yes · Impact total

EPSS · FIRST, scored Nov 7

75.59%chance of exploitation in 30 days

Higher than 99.52% of CVEs

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

9.8Critical

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

CVSS 2.0 · NVD

9.3High

AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Medium
Authentication: None
Confidentiality impact: Complete
Integrity impact: Complete
Availability impact: Complete

NVD status: Analyzed

Overview Affected Products References

NVD CVE.org

Overview

Severity

Score	Severity	Version	Vector String
9.8	CRITICAL	3.1NVD	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3	HIGH	2.0NVD	AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C

CISA required action

⚡ Known exploited · remediation due Jul 21, 2022

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Details

CVE ID: CVE-2012-0391
Status: Analyzed
Assigner (CNA): mitre
Published: Jan 8, 2012
Last modified: 2026-06-16 23:37 UTC
Weaknesses: CWE-94
CWE-20

Sources

Refreshed hourly from the sources above. Last fetched 2026-11-08 11:29 UTC.